Gangguan Akibat Penggunaan Katinon Sintetis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57213/medlab.v5i1.526Keywords:
Bath salts, Intoxication, Psychostimulants, Substance use disorder, Synthetic cathinonesAbstract
Synthetic cathinones, commonly known as “bath salts,” are novel psychoactive substances derived from cathinone found in the khat plant (Catha edulis). These compounds act as powerful psychostimulants by increasing extracellular concentrations of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Their use is linked to a broad spectrum of clinical conditions, including harmful use, dependence, acute intoxication, and severe substance-induced mental disorders such as delirium, psychosis, and mood disturbances. Clinically, patients often present with sympathomimetic manifestations, including tachycardia, hypertension, and hyperthermia, along with psychiatric symptoms such as agitation, paranoia, and hallucinations. Management is primarily supportive, with benzodiazepines frequently administered for sedation and control of agitation. Early recognition and prompt intervention are essential to prevent complications. The prognosis varies depending on several factors, including the severity of psychiatric comorbidities, level of social support, and the individual’s coping capacity in managing substance-related problems and long-term recovery outcomes.
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