Integrasi Terapi Multimodal: Tinjauan Naratif Kontemporer tentang Strategi Pengelolaan Lanjutan untuk Tinnitus Pasca-Trauma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57213/medlab.v5i1.389Keywords:
Auricular Trauma, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Multimodal Therapy, Personal Sound Therapy, Post-Traumatic TinnitusAbstract
Auricular trauma is a condition involving injury to ear structures and often triggers tinnitus as a long-term secondary manifestation. With a global prevalence of tinnitus reaching 10–15% of the population and a significant proportion originating from post-traumatic cases, a more comprehensive therapeutic approach is required considering the limited effectiveness of conventional therapies. A narrative review was conducted using the SANRA (Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles) guidelines, with literature searches through PubMed, Sciencedirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords “Auricular Trauma OR Auricular Injuries” AND “Multimodal Therapy” AND “Tinnitus” within the last 10 years. Inclusion criteria consisted of studies on auricular trauma in human subjects of all ages, excluding non-human studies and articles not available in full text. Eleven studies met the criteria, comprising five literature reviews, one RCT, one guideline, one cross-sectional study, one pilot study, and two experimental studies. Auricular trauma was classified into acoustic, physical, and barotrauma, with pathophysiology involving the M. tensor tympani – N. trigeminal – trigemino-cervical complex pathway. Multimodal therapeutic approaches demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to monotherapy, including personalized sound therapy with electromagnetic stimulation, cognitive behavioral therapy, and multimodal physical therapy for cervicogenic somatosensory tinnitus. Post-traumatic tinnitus is a multidimensional condition involving auditory, somatosensory, and neuropsychological systems. Multimodal therapy shows greater effectiveness than monotherapy. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is recommended as the primary and most effective treatment (gold standard according to international guidelines), while sound therapy, physical therapy, and vitamin B12 supplementation may serve as adjunctive options tailored to patient needs.
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