Distribusi Kasus Kanker di RSUD Luwuk, Kabupaten Banggai, Sulawesi Tengah Studi Deskriptif Retrospektif 2020–2024

Abstract

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, with its incidence steadily increasing, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Despite national efforts to improve cancer control, disparities in early detection and treatment persist, especially in remote and underserved regions. In Sulawesi, cancer prevalence is estimated to be close to the national average; however, comprehensive local data are limited, hindering effective health planning and targeted interventions. This study aims to describe the distribution of cancer cases at Luwuk Regional Hospital, located in Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi, from 2020 to 2024. A retrospective descriptive approach was used, employing a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with cancer based on histopathological confirmation. Univariate analysis was conducted to categorize cases by cancer type, patient sex, age group, and place of origin. A total of 237 cancer cases were identified over the five-year period. The majority of patients were female (86.5%) and within the 46–65 year age group (59.7%). Breast cancer was the most frequently diagnosed cancer (24.5%), followed by cervical cancer (19%) and ovarian cancer (13.9%). Most patients originated from within Banggai Regency (81%), with the highest proportion residing in the Luwuk District (28.9%). These findings reflect a rising trend of cancer diagnoses at the regional level and highlight the critical need for improved cancer awareness, early detection, and equitable access to oncology services, particularly in peripheral and rural areas. The study also emphasizes the importance of local epidemiological surveillance to inform regional health policies and strengthen cancer control strategies in Central Sulawesi.